The composition and microstructure of the binder system determine the performance of refractory castables. The development history of refractory castables is also the history of binder evolution. Figure 1 illustrates the progression of unshaped refractory castables from cement-bonded to low-cement-bonded, ultra-low-cement-bonded, and cement-free bonding systems. Calcium aluminate cement The cementitious binder in refractory castables typically […]

To address the current challenges of nozzle service failure and inability to enhance continuous casting production efficiency caused by erosion of refractory materials at the slag line region of submerged nozzles, this study focuses on the ZrO₂-C submerged nozzle commonly used in continuous casting of low-carbon aluminum-killed steel at a certain steel mill. Samples were

Refractory ramming mixes are typically composed of 60% to 65% refractory aggregates, 35% to 40% powdered materials, and a very small proportion of binders and other additives. They are unshaped refractory materials applied through vigorous ramming. Compared to refractory castables and plastic refractories, ramming mixes exhibit higher bulk density, and the density of the lined

The integrated taphole plug is a core control component in continuous casting processes, where its installation quality directly impacts steel flow stability, mold liquid level control precision, and production safety. Based on industry practices and technological innovations, this paper systematically outlines key technical points for integrated taphole plug installation, providing steelmakers with actionable operational guidelines.

Long Nozzle Long nozzle: During continuous casting, the long nozzle connects the ladle to the tundish. Its function is to block air during molten steel pouring, preventing secondary oxidation and nitrogen absorption, while also curbing molten steel splashing and slag entrainment. As molten steel rapidly flows through the nozzle, it must exhibit excellent thermal shock

Standards for replacing tapholes (1) The tapping time is less than 3 minutes. (2) The tapping hole is irregular in shape or has obvious pits inside, and the tapping steel is scattered. (3) The tapping hole life is longer than the specified furnace life, which is pre-arranged according to the production plan. How to replace

CaO-ZrO2-C submerged nozzle linings often experience abnormal damage during practical use. Analysis indicates this is due to the formation of large amounts of ZrC during use, which causes microstructural degradation. To improve this, technicians at Shinagawa Refractory Co., Ltd. in Japan explored measures to suppress the ZrC formation reaction under low CO partial pressure conditions.

Rotary kiln refractory magnesia calcium carbon bricks have many excellent properties and are widely used in refining outside the furnace. However, there are still some problems in the use of magnesia calcium carbon bricks. High-temperature reaction of magnesium oxide and its resistance to slag penetration Above 1500°C, the MgO in the Mg-Ca-C refractory matrix readily

Overview of Commonly Used Refractories for Tundish During the steelmaking process, the tundish needs to withstand extremely high temperatures and strong erosion from molten steel, so choosing the right refractory material is crucial. The following are some commonly used tundish refractory materials: High alumina refractory materials High-alumina refractory materials are made from high-bauxite ore and

Refractory materials, the “industrial armor” of high-temperature industries like steel, cement, and nonferrous metals, are directly linked to the security of China’s basic industries. Currently, my country’s refractory industry is undergoing a period of profound adjustment, facing multiple challenges including overcapacity, environmental upgrades, and structural shifts in demand. Industry Status: Overcapacity and Transformation Pains Coexist