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EBT tapping hole EBT (Eccentric Bottom Tapping) technology, also known as eccentric bottom tapping, was successfully developed in 1978 by the German companies Mannesmann-Demag and Thyssen. EBT technology involves adding a tapping hole to the furnace bottom at the rear of the furnace, 20–60 cm from the furnace wall. The tapping hole consists of two

Key Factors in Selecting Neutral Reactor Lining Materials: In the actual production process of medium-frequency furnaces, the thickness of the refractory materials used for the furnace lining is typically only 70 mm to 110 mm. The inner side of the lining comes into contact with high-temperature molten metal, while the outer side is in close

In continuous casting technology, a submerged entry nozzle (SEN) is installed between the tundish and the mold to improve the quality of the cast strand. Its primary functions are: (1) preventing secondary oxidation and nitridation of the molten steel, as well as splashing; (2) regulating the flow pattern and injection speed of the molten steel;

Large and medium-sized converters in steelmaking projects are characterized by energy saving and high efficiency. Therefore, they are widely used in newly built, improved, and expanded steel plants both domestically and internationally, such as the 320t converter at a steel plant in Dangjin, South Korea, the 280t converter at a steel plant in Handan, and

The most feasible decarbonization path for the steel industry is currently considered to be green electricity-green hydrogen DRI-electric arc furnace (EAF). Many European steel companies are conducting pilot or industrial trials. However, the high cost of hydrogen and green electricity production, coupled with the lack of carbon tax implications, has hindered the rapid implementation of

With the development of induction furnaces in the cast steel industry, the application of aluminum-magnesium spinel-type refractory materials has gradually gained prominence since the 1980s. Currently, crucible-type induction furnaces used in the cast steel industry across industrialized nations predominantly employ spinel-type refractories. In recent years, some cast steel enterprises in China have also adopted spinel-type

Application of heating furnaces Refractory insulation coating to prevent cracking of heating furnace refractory materials. Heating furnaces are used in petroleum, chemical, metallurgical, mechanical, building materials and other industries. Heating furnaces are essential equipment in the process of oil field development. Types of refractory materials Refractory insulation coating to prevent cracking of heating furnace refractory

Refractory materials are classified into neutral, alkaline and acidic. Whether it is refractory bricks or refractory castables, these three properties are also used to distinguish them. Neutral refractory materials are composed of alumina or carbon. Products include high-alumina, corundum, and carbon refractory bricks and castables. Acidic refractory materials are composed of silicon oxide. Products include